Connect with us

News

UPI MDR Row Reaches Supreme Court: What the New Merchant Charge Could Mean

Published

on

UPI MDR Row Reaches Supreme Court: What the New Merchant Charge Could Mean

The Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is about to enter a new phase, with merchant charges returning for certain transactions after nearly six years of a zero-MDR framework. The Supreme Court is scheduled to hear a public interest litigation (PIL) challenging the Centre’s decision to introduce a 0.4% Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) on specified person-to-merchant UPI transactions above Rs 2,000. The hearing is scheduled for Monday, September 28, according to the Supreme Court’s cause list cited in the report.

What is changing from October 15?

Under the proposed framework, a 0.4% MDR will apply to specified UPI payments to merchants above Rs 2,000 from October 15.

But this does not mean customers will automatically pay a separate UPI fee.

The government has said MDR is a charge within the merchant payment ecosystem. Banks have also been advised to ensure that merchants do not pass the charge on to customers.

Some categories will have different rates.

TO be added directly

The Rs 5 flat MDR for essential and thin-margin sectors will cover areas such as railways, telecommunications, insurance, fuel and agricultural inputs, according to the report.

Capital-market-related payments, including transactions involving mutual funds, securities, stock brokers and dealers, will attract the separate 0.02% rate.

Will customers have to pay for UPI?

Not directly, under the framework described in the report.

MDR is charged within the merchant payment ecosystem, not directly to the person making the UPI payment.

The government has also advised banks to ensure that merchants do not pass the MDR cost on to customers.

However, the PIL argues that there could still be an indirect burden on consumers if businesses try to recover the additional cost through other means.

That question is among the issues raised before the Supreme Court.

What does the PIL challenge?

The petition, filed by advocate Anjan Datta, challenges the introduction of MDR on several grounds.

According to the report, the plea alleges that the levy was introduced without adequate statutory safeguards, transparency or public consultation.

It also challenges the constitutional validity of the amended Section 10A of the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007.

The petitioner argues that the provision gives the executive broad discretion to decide which electronic payment modes qualify for no-charge protection.

The petition also questions the different treatment of UPI and RuPay debit card transactions. It points out that the notification retains no-charge protection for RuPay debit cards without a monetary ceiling.

Why are small businesses concerned?

The petition argues that the new framework could particularly affect merchants operating on low margins.

Consider a small business accepting thousands of rupees in digital payments. Even when the customer does not pay a separate UPI fee, the merchant could face a transaction-level cost under the new MDR structure.

The PIL therefore seeks safeguards based on factors such as:

  • – Merchant turnover
  • – MSME status
  • – Actual profit margins
  • – Geography
  • – Ability to bear the cost

The petition also asks that future MDR classifications be supported by relevant data rather than applying a sharp threshold without an assessment of its impact.

What happens to payments below Rs 2,000?

The article states that the proposed MDR applies to specified merchant transactions above Rs 2,000.

Person-to-person UPI transfers and small merchant payments will continue to remain free under the framework described in the report.

This means the change is primarily aimed at specified higher-value merchant transactions rather than everyday low-value UPI payments.

What does the Supreme Court hearing mean?

The Supreme Court is being asked to examine whether the new framework should remain in place.

The PIL seeks either the quashing or suspension of the MDR framework for UPI transactions above Rs 2,000.

Alternatively, it asks for the framework to be reconsidered through a transparent consultation process, supported by empirical data and an impact assessment.

It also seeks safeguards for micro and small enterprises.

The Central government and other parties, including the Reserve Bank of India, have been named as respondents.

For now, the proposed framework is scheduled to take effect from October 15, while the Supreme Court hearing could determine what happens to the challenged provisions.

The common-man takeaway

For most people making everyday UPI payments, the immediate change is not a new fee on every UPI transaction.

The proposed MDR is aimed at specified merchant payments above Rs 2,000 and is charged within the merchant payment ecosystem.

The bigger question is what happens to businesses that have operated with zero MDR on UPI for years.

If merchants absorb the cost, their payment expenses could rise. If businesses attempt to recover those costs, consumers could potentially feel the impact indirectly.

The Supreme Court’s hearing will now put the legal and policy questions around the new MDR framework under scrutiny.

Continue Reading
Click to comment

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

News

FMCG Companies Brace for Higher Input Costs

Published

on

FMCG Companies Brace for Higher Input Costs

India’s consumer sector is heading into the festive season with demand holding up, but rising input costs are putting pressure on company margins.

Consumer companies are seeing steady demand across categories, with rural consumption also showing signs of resilience. However, higher costs of key raw materials could make it harder for companies to protect their profits.

What’s pushing costs up?

Several FMCG companies have flagged rising input costs during the September quarter.

Higher prices of commodities and raw materials, along with elevated crude oil prices, are adding to the cost of making and transporting everyday products. Packaging costs can also rise when crude-linked inputs become more expensive.

Companies are trying to manage the pressure through cost efficiencies, supply-chain measures and selective price increases.

Will consumers pay more?

That’s the key question.

When input costs rise, companies have three broad choices: absorb the additional cost and take a hit to margins, cut costs elsewhere, or pass some of the increase on to consumers.

If cost pressures persist, price hikes across everyday products could eventually follow.

For consumers, that could mean paying a little more for everything from packaged food and personal-care products to household essentials.

Festive demand could offer some relief

The good news for FMCG companies is that festive spending could provide a boost.

With Diwali falling later this year, some festive demand is expected to shift into the December quarter rather than showing up fully in the September quarter. Categories such as snacks, sweets, gifting and other consumer products could see stronger demand as the festive season progresses.

Rural demand remains important

Rural consumption will also be closely watched. Smaller towns and rural markets are an important growth driver for FMCG companies, and a recovery in rural spending could support volumes.

But uneven weather conditions and pressure on agricultural incomes remain concerns.

What Happens If Costs Stay High?

For now, demand remains relatively strong. But if input costs continue to stay elevated, companies may eventually pass some of that pressure on to consumers.

Continue Reading

Explainer

Can Your Handbag Get You a Loan?

Published

on

Can Your Handbag Get You a Loan Now?

There was a time when buying a designer bag was fairly straightforward: you liked it, you could afford it, and you bought it.

Now, things are a little different.

People are booking appointments, joining waitlists and hunting down specific colours, materials and limited-edition pieces. There are collectors with entire rooms dedicated to their handbags. And increasingly, buyers aren’t looking at these bags only as fashion purchases; they are looking at what the bag could be worth years down the line.

That got me thinking: when did a handbag start looking like an investment?

The Numbers Are Making The Case

According to the Knight Frank Luxury Investment Index, handbags were the best-performing luxury collectible category in 2024, gaining 2.8%. 

Economic Times also highlighted how certain luxury handbags can sell for significantly more in the resale market than their original retail price. One example cited was an Hermès Birkin 25, which retailed at around ₹10.2 lakh but was selling for roughly ₹18 lakh in the resale market.

That’s a pretty interesting premium for something that is technically still a handbag.

Forbes has been making a similar argument for years. Its research has looked at designer handbags particularly sought-after Hermès pieces as an alternative investment, comparing their appreciation with traditional luxury assets such as art.

Of course, that doesn’t mean your wardrobe is suddenly a stock portfolio. But it does show that something interesting is happening in the luxury market.

Scarcity Is Doing A Lot Of The work

The most valuable handbags aren’t necessarily the most expensive ones. They’re often the ones people can’t easily get.

Limited production, discontinued designs, rare colours and materials, celebrity associations and strong brand demand can all contribute to resale value.

And that explains the waitlists.

The scarcity itself becomes part of the product. If everyone could walk into a store tomorrow and buy the same bag, some of that exclusivity and potentially some of its resale appeal would disappear.

It’s the same basic idea we see with many collectibles: when supply is limited and demand stays strong, people are willing to pay more.

This Is Also Creating A New Kind Of Collector

There are serious collectors building entire portfolios of handbags. Some buy specific models because they believe they will hold their value. Others look for pieces that are rare or difficult to find.

And yes, there are people whose collections are large enough to require dedicated storage.

At that point, we’re moving beyond fashion. We’re talking about an asset that someone is deliberately acquiring, preserving and potentially reselling.

And Then There’s The Collateral Angle

Here’s where things get even more interesting.

In some markets, specialist lenders allow owners to borrow against valuable luxury handbags, using them as collateral. In simple terms, the bag is valued and the owner can potentially access a loan against that value.

But this is where one should draw the line between “valuable asset” and “investment.”

Not every designer bag will qualify. And not every bag will be appreciated. Brand, model, condition, authenticity, rarity and resale demand can all influence its value.

So, are designer bags actually investments?

Sometimes. But not every expensive handbag is an investment. A stock can generate dividends. A bond can generate interest. A property can generate rent. A handbag doesn’t do any of that.

Its investment potential comes from what someone else may be willing to pay for it later. And that makes the market much more dependent on trends, scarcity and consumer demand.

So yes, a ten lakh handbag could potentially become more valuable over time.

But that doesn’t mean spending ten lakh on a handbag is automatically a smart financial decision. The smarter way to look at it may be this: a designer bag can be a luxury purchase that happens to have investment potential, not an investment that happens to be a bag.

Continue Reading

News

Diwali Gold Rush: Prices Fall 23%, Should You Buy?

Published

on

Diwali Gold Rush: Prices Fall 23%, Should You Buy?

Gold has had a pretty dramatic year.

After hitting record highs earlier in 2026, gold prices have now corrected by more than 23%. International prices fell from around $5,419 an ounce in January to just above $4,155 by October 5. In India, MCX gold also slipped from its yearly high of ₹2.48 lakh per 10 grams to around ₹1.49 lakh.

With Diwali and the wedding season around the corner, the big question for buyers is simple: Is this dip a good opportunity to buy gold?

Why has gold fallen?

The recent correction has been driven by a mix of global factors.

Higher US Treasury yields and a stronger US dollar have put pressure on gold prices. Changing expectations around global interest rates and geopolitical developments have also contributed to the decline.

But a fall in price doesn’t automatically mean gold is now “cheap”.

Kaveri More, Commodity Technical Analyst at Choice Broking, says the correction looks more like a period of consolidation and repricing rather than a signal to rush in and buy everything at once.

So, should you buy before Diwali?

If you are buying gold for Diwali, Dhanteras or an upcoming wedding, your approach can be different from someone buying purely as an investment.

For jewellery, buying according to your actual requirement may make sense rather than trying to predict where prices will bottom.

For investment purposes, experts suggest avoiding a lump-sum purchase right now. Instead, investors could consider staggering their purchases across 3–4 tranches over the coming weeks.

The idea is simple: you don’t have to perfectly time the lowest gold price.

For investors who don’t specifically need physical gold, Gold ETFs can also be considered. They provide exposure to gold without the making charges associated with jewellery.

What about jewellery buyers?

The festive season could still bring some demand, but consumers are becoming more careful about how much they spend.

Colin Shah, Managing Director of Kama Jewellery, expects festive and wedding demand to see occasional spikes of around 15–20% during the peak season. However, buyers are increasingly looking at lightweight and contemporary jewellery that fits within their budgets.

The average ticket size is expected to be around ₹1.5 lakh–₹3 lakh.

A 23% correction may make gold look more attractive, but a lower price doesn’t mean the bottom is here.

If you need jewellery for a genuine occasion, buy according to your requirement and budget.

If you’re buying gold as an investment, don’t put all your money in at once. Staggering purchases can help reduce the risk of getting your timing wrong.

And most importantly, don’t use money meant for short-term expenses just because gold prices have fallen.

Source: MoneyControl

Continue Reading

Trending